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The Secret Teachings of All Ages by Manly Palmer Hall
The Pythagoreans held the hexad–6–to represent, as Clement of Alexandria conceived, the creation of the world according to both the prophets and the ancient Mysteries. It was called by the Pythagoreans the perfection of all the parts. This number was particularly sacred to Orpheus, and also to the Fate, Lachesis, and the Muse, Thalia. It was called the form of forms, the articulation of the universe, and the maker of the soul.
Among the Greeks, harmony and the soul were considered to be similar in nature, because all souls are harmonic. The hexad is also the symbol of marriage, because it is formed by the union of two triangles, one masculine and the other feminine. Among the keywords given to the hexad are: time, for it is the measure of duration; panacea, because health is equilibrium, and the hexad is a balance number; the world, because the world, like the hexad, is often seen to consist of contraries by harmony; omnisufficient, because its parts are sufficient for totality (3 +2 + 1 = 6); unwearied, because it contains the elements of immortality.
Six is a number of perfection, because it is the most perfect in nature, in the whole course of numbers, from one to ten, and it alone is so perfect, that in the collection of its parts it results the same, neither wanting, nor abounding.
for if the parts thereof, viz. the middle, the third, and sixth part, which are three, two, one, be gathered together, they perfectly fill up the whole body of six, which perfection all the other numbers want:
Hence by the Pythagorians it is said to be altogether applied to generation, and Marriage, and is called the Scale of the world.
For the world is made of the number six, neither doth it abound, or is defective.
Hence that is, because the world was finished by God the sixth day.
For the sixth day God saw all the things which he had made, and they were very good.
Therefore the heaven, and the earth, and all the Host thereof were finished.
It is also called the number of man because the sixth day man was created:
and it is also the number of our redemption, for the sixth day Christ suffered for our redemption: whence there is a great affinity betwixt the number six and the Cross, labor, and servitude: hence it is commanded in the Law, that in six days the work is to be done, six days Manna is to be gathered, six years the ground was to be sown, and that the Hebrew servant should serve his Master six years; six days the glory of the Lord appeared upon Mount Sinai, covering it with a cloud: the Cherubins had six wings, 6 circles in the Firmament, Arctic, Antarctic, two Tropics, Equinoctiall, & Ecliptical, six wandering Planets, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus, Mercury, the Moon, running through the latitude of the Zodiac, on both sides the Ecliptic.
There are six substantificall qualities in the Elements, viz. Sharpness, Thinness, Motion, and the contrary to these Dullness, Thickness, Rest. There are six differences of position, Upwards, Downwards, Before, Behind, on the right side, one the left side. There are six natural offices, without which nothing can be, viz. Magnitude, Color, Figure, Interval, Standing, Motion. Also a solid Figure of any four square thing hath six superficies. There are Tones of all harmony, viz. 5 Tones, & 2 half tones which make one tone, which is the sixth.